litigationlitigation: the bringing of a lawsuit or legal claim in cour...: the bringing of a lawsuit or legal claim in court; the process of resolving a dispute in the courts; the participants in the court action are known as the ‘litigants’ and are commonly represented by solicitors and barristers; litigants in civil disputes will commonly commence litigationlitigation: the bringing of a lawsuit or legal claim in cour... to enforce a right, for example a right to be paid money or a right to have the other party to a contract perform his contractual obligations.